an online source for a design project.
The Kingdom of Loathing{KoL} is played from the comfort of your browser, and is adorned with a staggering array of stunning hand-drawn images. It is turn-based, which means you get a certain number of turns (Adventures) each day. What can you do with these turns? I'm glad you asked.
The Kingdom of Loathing{KoL} is played from the comfort of your browser, and is adorned with a staggering array of stunning hand-drawn images. It is turn-based, which means you get a certain number of turns (Adventures) each day. What can you do with these turns? I'm glad you asked.
Thermochromic T-shirtThis T-shirt uses thermochromic inks for decoration purposes. An increase in temperature produces a reversible change in colour.
Thermochromic T-shirtThis T-shirt uses thermochromic inks for decoration purposes. An increase in temperature produces a reversible change in colour.
TC TechThermochromic (TC) products change color in response to temperature fluctuations. There are two types of TC’s, liquid crystals and leuco dyes. The most famous TC application ever, the "mood" ring of the 1970’s, was a liquid crystal. Today, liquid crystals are used in many products, including aquarium thermometers, stress testers, forehead thermometers, and other applications. While liquid crystal TC’s are extremely capable materials, they are very difficult to work with and require highly specialized manufacturing techniques. The other type of TC is called a leuco dye and is commonly used in security printing, novelty applications such as temperature sensitive plastics and mugs, product labels, advertising specialties, and textiles.
DesignAidPhotochromic materials change from clear to colored when exposed to UV light from sunlight, black lights, or similar sources. UV light changes the chemical structure of the molecules so that it absorbs certain wavelengths of light (therefore making it appear as a color to our eyes). The more UV light the more molecules absorb, the more brilliant the color change. When the UV source is removed, it reverts to a clear state.
Lotus Leaf Inspires Waterproofing Scheme
Borrowing from one of nature's most water-repellent surfaces--the leaf of the lotus plant--scientists have developed a simple, inexpensive way to create synthetic coatings with exceptional anti-wetting properties. Such coatings can help to reduce drag on ship hulls, stain- and water-proof fabrics and improve separation processes in mining industries
SODIUM POLYACRYLATE has sodium carboxylate groups hanging off the main chain. In contact with water the sodium detaches, leaving only carboxyl ions. Being negatively charged, these ions repel one another so that the polymer unwinds and absorbs water, which is attracted to the sodium atoms. The polymer also has weak cross-links, which effectively leads to a three-dimensional structure. In addition, it has molecular weights of more than a million; thus, it cannot dissolve but instead solidifies into a gel.read more in scientific american
Cohesion is the term for molecules of a substance sticking together. One of the most common examples is water beading up on a hydrophobic surface.
Water molecules are what are called dipoles: they have an electric 'pole' at each end of the molecule with opposite charges because the electrons in the molecule tend to congregate near the oxygen atom and away from the hydrogen atoms. Thus the negative part of one water molecule will attract the positive parts of other, nearby molecules. This is why water falls from the sky as raindrops, and not individual molecules, or why water tends to bead up on the hood of your freshly waxed car, or why you can cause water to bulge out over the rim of a glass if you fill it carefully; the molecules are all pulling together.
Water molecules are not only attracted to each other, but to any molecule with positive or negative charges. When a molecule attracts to a different substance, this is termed adhesion. Think about what happens when you dip one end of a piece of paper towel into a glass of water. The water will climb up the fibers of the paper, getting it wet above the level of the water in the glass. We know gravity is pulling down on the water, so why do they move up? Because the water molecules' positive and negative charges are attracted to the positive and negative charges in the cellulose molecules in the paper.
Note that both the examples above have both cohesion and adhesion occuring but one is stronger than the other. If the water molecules are more strongly attracted to each other than to the surrounding material, they bead up and try to get as close to each other as possible. If there is a stronger attraction to some other material, they spread out and try to get close to the other material.
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Surface tension : By definition the molecules of a liquid exhibit intermolecular attraction for one another.
What happens to molecules at the surface in comparison to those in the interior of a liquid?
Molecules liquid state experience strong intermolecular attractive forces. When those forces are between like molecules, they are referred to as cohesive forces. For example, the molecules of a water droplet are held together by cohesive forces, and the especially strong cohesive forces at the surface constitute surface tension.read more
There is never a cold drink in the fridge when you want one. But thanks to a brilliant new invention, you will not need to refrigerate your drinks in the future, - a quick twist of the can will magically cool the contentsread more
The surface tensionof water is 72 dynes/cm at 25�C . It would take a force of 72 dynes to break a surface film of water 1 cm long. The surface tension of water decreases significantly with temperature as shown in the graph. The surface tension arises from the polar nature of the water molecule.
How does the Canon Anti-Fog Eyepiece work?:
" since the issue of how the technology works has come up a couple of times here a quote from the EOS 3 brochure description of it.
The new anti-fog technology developed by Canon uses a thin water-absorbent polymer coating. This polymer coating is placed on glass surfaces where it prevents fogging by absorbing moisture.
The coating consists of an organic polymer which absorbs moisture and an inorgamic polymer which stabilizes the coating. When this coating is physically stable it can prevent fogging on glass surfaces. The polymer coating also allows the moisture to evaporate naturally.
The cycle of moisture absorption and evaporation is repetitive and the polymer coating can thereby remain effective for a long time.The polymer coating will lose its effectiveness if it already contains moisture. Careful handling is required. The Anti-fog Eyepiece should never be touched unless it is dry."
Anti-Fogging Technology
The reflection prevention membrane with thickness of only several micrometers consists of two types of polymer, organic and inorganic. The organic polymer absorbs moisture on the glass surface. But since the organic polymer containing the moisture tends to flow, it is surrounded/fixed with the chain of the inorganic polymer. For this reason, it can be always fixed stably to the glass surface. The strength of the membrane is the pencil hardness (normal state) of about 3H. The surface becomes a porous anti-fog membrane having a reflection preventive effect as well as a high anti-fogging effect.
Hot/cold packs are handy items designed to provide local heat/cold. Main application is therapeutical (to alleviate pain), with desired temperatures of just above body-temperature (say 38 ºC) for heat-therapy, and just above freezing (say 1 ºC) for cold-therapy
EKSLIVEIts Chemically-Active function of Moisture Absorption and Discharge creates the ideal wearing comfort by reducing the thermal and hygrophillics stress to the body. This superb function is semi-perpetual due to Polymerization.
Heat-Generated Cooling Techniques:
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is evaluating heat generated cooling techniques for vehicle climate control systems because they have the potential to be efficient cooling sources. Some of the techniques being evaluated are described below.
1.Metal Hydride
2.Magnetic Cooling
3.Absorption
4.Desiccant: For latent portion of split system
EKS Live™EKS Live™ generates heat when absorbing moisture, and this heat becomes the energy for faster and more effective moisture discharge. EKS Live™ also acts as a neutralizer against both acids and alkalis, so it's naturally deodorizing.
RLC-50 Series Reversible Temperature Labels Multi Temp Liquid Crystal StripsModels RLC Series labels are ideal for monitoring temperatures of electronic parts, transformers, relays and motors. To most precisely interpret liquid crystal labels, please note color variances:
GREEN Bar is the Actual Temperature Reading
BROWN Bar is just above the Actual Temperature
BLUE Bar is just below the Actual Temperature Reading.
silica gel The internal structure of a silica gel granule contains a vast network of inter-connecting microscopic pores, which attract and hold moisture via physical adsorption and capillary condensation. A single teaspoon of silica gel has an internal adsorptive area equivalent to a football field. Silica Gel is inert and non-toxic. Even when saturated silica gel looks and feels dry to the touch. Since the second World War, silica gel has been the desiccant of choice by government and industry.
Food Spoilage and YouTo control microbial buildup, you must control the following:
The source of microorganisms - people, raw materials, equipment, air currents, dust and pests.
Food residues, which are required for bacterial growth.
Moisture, which is required for growth; relative humidity should be monitored.
Time, during which food product is exposed to a given set of conditions that promote bacterial growth.
Temperature since, in general, temperature determines the generation time of microorganisms.
It%27s a wrap - What%27s new in the area of packaging%3F
The role of packaging
Food packaging is an essential technique for preserving food quality, minimising food wastage and reducing the use of additives. The food package serves the important function of containing the food, protecting against chemical and physical damage and providing convenience in using the product information to the consumers.
Foils%2C Foams%2C Packing Tapes and Masking Tapes from Monarch Self Adhesive TapesPolyurethane Foam Tapes
Types of DesiccantsThe most commonly known and used desiccant is silica gel which is a form of silica dioxide (SiO2), a naturally occurring mineral
Phase Diagrams
Equilibrium can exist not only between the liquid and vapor phase of a substance but also between the solid and liquid phases, and the solid and gas phases of a substance.
A phase diagram is a graphical way to depict the effects of pressure and temperature on the phase of a substance:
How pressure cookers work: These are essentially cooking pots with an air tight lid. As water is heated and turns to vapour, the pressure builds up because the vapour cannot escape. Water usually boils and turns to steam (vapour) at 100 ºC at a pressure of 1 atmosphere (i.e 101 kPa). By increasing the pressure we can see from the phase diagram that the water can be heated to higher temperatures before it enters the vapour region. This means that anything being cooked inside the pot will experience higher temperatures and therefore the cooking time will be less. But will it taste as good? .... more interesting facts about heat ,temperature and phase change>here
Thermal Energy Storage - IntroductionThermal Energy Storage (later referred as TES) deals with the storing of energy by cooling, heating, melting, solidifying or vaporising a material, the energy becoming available as heat when the process is reversed.[1], [2]
Storage by causing a material to rise or lower in temperature is called sensible heat storage; its effectiveness depends on the specific heat of the material and, if volume is important, on the density of the storage material.
Storage by phase change - the transition from solid to liquid or from liquid to vapour with no change in temperature - is another mode of heat storage, known as latent heat storage. The specific heat of solidification/fusion or vaporisation and the temperature at which the phase change occurs are obviously of controlling importance. Both sensible and latent heat storage may occur in the same material.
Definition of Water vaporEvaporation is the transformation of a liquid into a gas. Like any other liquid, water may evaporate gradually or violently. Its rate is fastest at temperatures near the boiling point. [See also cavitation.]
Violent evaporation (boiling) is the formation of pure water vapor at the boiling point of water. However, the white mist that emerges from a boiling kettle is not water vapor, but a mass of droplets suspended in the air. The droplets are formed when the very hot, pure water vapor meets the cold air, and cools below the boiling point. "Steam" may refer either to the droplets or to the hot vapor from which they condense.
Condensation is the formation of liquid water either from pure water vapor or water intermixed with air. In the atmosphere, condensation produces clouds, fog and rain, the latter usually only when facilitated by cloud condensation nuclei. The "dew point" of an air parcel is the temperature to which it must cool before condensation (dew) begins to form.
"Guy-Lussac's Law" states that>The pressure of a gas at constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperaturemore info:
Units Conversion Includes conversion of temperature, densilty,power, sp. heat, thermal conductance, thermal resistance etc.
Definition of Thermal resistance - wordIQ Dictionary and Encyclopedia
Thermal resistance is the temperature difference across a unit area of a material of unit thickness when a unit of heat energy flows through it in unit time. It is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. The units of thermal resistance are, in the SI system, K.m²/W. In the building trade in the USA, the traditional non-metric R-value is sometimes used instead, with units ft² °F.h/Btu.
Plastics New Zealand
EPS is a lightweight cellular plastics material consisting of small spherical shaped particles containing about 98% air. This microcellular closed cell construction provides EPS with excellent insulating and shock absorbing characteristics.
Thermocouples - Chapter 9: ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION SIGNALS - Volume I - DC
basic info about the thermocouples.
Exploratorium: Science Snacks: Give and Take: "Temperature-sensitive liquid crystal material"
FTI - Food Technology Intelligence this site covers>
1. Advances in Enzyme Technology for the Food Industry
2. New Packaging Technologies for the Food Industry
3. Advances in Flavor and Aroma Technologies
4. Advances in Shelf Life Technology for the Food Industry
Heat sensitive materials change color when hotThis discovery is important to the food storage industry because it is the only FDA approved pigment that changes color.
